Description

🎯 Pigmentation Treatment – Complete Guide Pigmentation refers to dark patches, spots, or uneven skin tone caused by excess melanin production. Treating it requires a combination of topical agents, procedures, and sun protection, and must be customized based on the type and depth of pigmentation. 🧬 Common Types of Pigmentation Type Description Common Areas Melasma Hormonal pigmentation; symmetrical patches Cheeks, forehead, upper lip PIH (Post-Inflammatory Hyperpigmentation) After acne, injury, or eczema Any area of prior skin trauma Sunspots / Lentigines Caused by UV exposure over time Face, hands, shoulders Freckles Genetic + sun-related spots Face, arms Tanning General darkening due to sun Face, neck, arms 🧴 Topical Treatments 🔹 Medical Creams & Serums Ingredient Function Notes Hydroquinone (2–4%) Gold standard melanin inhibitor Short-term use only Kojic Acid Brightens, antioxidant Gentle, safe for long-term Azelaic Acid Reduces inflammation & melanin Great for PIH and acne-prone skin Tranexamic Acid Blocks melanin triggers Especially effective for melasma Vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid) Antioxidant, brightens skin Use in morning Retinoids (Tretinoin, Retinol) Stimulates cell turnover Use at night, may cause dryness Niacinamide (Vitamin B3) Anti-inflammatory, evens skin tone Good for sensitive skin ⚠️ Always use broad-spectrum sunscreen (SPF 50+) daily to prevent worsening. 💉 In-Clinic Treatment Options Treatment Best For Frequency Notes Chemical Peels (Glycolic, TCA, Jessner) Superficial pigmentation, PIH, melasma Every 3–4 weeks (3–6 sessions) Helps exfoliate pigment Laser (Q-Switched Nd:YAG, PicoLaser) Stubborn pigmentation, freckles, sunspots Monthly sessions Needs expert handling for darker skin Microneedling (with PRP or serums) PIH, melasma, dullness Monthly Stimulates collagen and brightens skin Tranexamic Acid Injections Melasma 2–4 sessions/month Minimally invasive; used if oral/topical fail Mesotherapy or Skin Boosters Uneven tone, pigmentation Monthly Customized brightening cocktails 🧼 Supportive Skincare Tips Cleanse twice daily with a mild face wash (avoid harsh scrubs) Use antioxidants in the morning (e.g., Vitamin C) Apply retinoids at night (if prescribed) Never skip sunscreen, even indoors 🥗 Lifestyle Tips Eat foods rich in vitamin C, E, zinc, and antioxidants (berries, citrus, nuts, green tea) Avoid unnecessary sun exposure (wear hats/sunglasses) Manage hormones (in cases of melasma) Avoid picking acne or wounds to reduce PIH 📅 Expected Timeline Mild pigmentation (PIH, tan): 4–6 weeks with topical agents Melasma/sunspots: 2–3 months minimum, often long-term maintenance required Laser/Chemical Peel results: Visible after 2–3 sessions, optimal after 4–6 🚨 When to See a Dermatologist Sudden, spreading, or resistant pigmentation Pigmented lesion changing in color/shape (rule out melanoma) Reactions to skin lightening products (redness, peeling, burns)